Which are three types of immunity?

• A. Innate, Adaptive, Passive
• B. Active, Passive, Artificial
• C. Natural, Acquired, Specific
• D. Cellular, Humoral, Innate

Answer: (A)

Immunity can be categorized into broad types based on how the body defends itself. Innate immunity provides general, non-specific defenses that you’re born with, like skin, mucous membranes, and basic immune cells that respond quickly to many invaders. Adaptive immunity is the specialized, learned defense that targets a specific pathogen and has memory so it can respond faster next time. Passive immunity is immunity that comes from another source, not produced by your own immune system—such as antibodies passed from mother to baby or antibody-containing medicine—and it’s temporary because the borrowed antibodies eventually disappear.

These three together reflect a common way health materials frame immunity: innate as the general first line, adaptive as the targeted, memory-based defense, and passive as the transfer-based protection. Active immunity, by contrast, is when the body itself produces antibodies after exposure, which is a form of adaptive immunity, but the listed trio emphasizes the three broad categories above.