Which factors contribute to the risk of eating disorders?

• A. Only genetics
• B. Behavioral factors alone
• C. Genetics, behavioral/psychological/social factors
• D. Environmental factors do not influence risk

Answer: (C)

Understanding risk for eating disorders requires looking at a mix of influences, not just one thing. Genetic factors can create a biological vulnerability, meaning someone may be more prone to develop these disorders. Psychological and behavioral factors—such as perfectionism, body dissatisfaction, anxiety, mood issues, dieting, and excessive exercise—can trigger or sustain disordered eating in someone who is genetically susceptible. Social and cultural factors—like pressure to be thin, media messages about ideal bodies, and family or peer attitudes toward food and appearance—shape how people think and act about eating. When genetics, psychology/behavior, and social context come together, the overall risk increases more than any single factor alone.

That’s why this option is the best: it acknowledges genetics plus behavioral/psychological/social factors. The other choices fall short because they focus on only one domain or deny the influence of environment, which is not accurate since environment greatly affects attitudes toward eating and body image.